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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltam | om ʃujkalalt |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltat | ot ʃujkalalt |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalalteʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃujkalalt |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltəna | ona/ogəna ʃujkalalt |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltəda | oda/ogəda ʃujkalalt |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltət | ogət ʃujkalalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltəm | ʃəm ʃujkalalt |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃujkalalt |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalalte | əʃ ʃujkalalt |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltna | əʃna ʃujkalalt |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltda | əʃda ʃujkalalt |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltət͡ɕ | əʃt ʃujkalalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltənam | ʃujkalaltən oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltənat | ʃujkalaltən otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalaltən | ʃujkalaltən ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltənːa | ʃujkalaltən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltənda | ʃujkalaltən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltənət | ʃujkalaltən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltam əʎe | om ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltat əʎe | ot ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalalteʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltəna əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltəda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltət əʎe | ogət ʃujkalalt əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltam ulmaʃ | om ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltat ulmaʃ | ot ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalalteʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltət ulmaʃ | ogət ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltənam əʎe | ʃujkalaltən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltənat əʎe | ʃujkalaltən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalaltən əʎe | ʃujkalaltən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltənːa əʎe | ʃujkalaltən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltənda əʎe | ʃujkalaltən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltənət əʎe | ʃujkalaltən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltənam ulmaʃ | ʃujkalaltən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltənat ulmaʃ | ʃujkalaltən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalaltən ulmaʃ | ʃujkalaltən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltənːa ulmaʃ | ʃujkalaltən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltənda ulmaʃ | ʃujkalaltən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltənət ulmaʃ | ʃujkalaltən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalalt | it ʃujkalalt |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalaltʃe | ənʒe ʃujkalalt |
| 1PL: | (ʃujkalaltəna) | (ona/ogəna ʃujkalalt) |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltsa | ida ʃujkalalt |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltəʃt | ənəʃt ʃujkalalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltnem | ənem ʃujkalalt |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltnet | ənet ʃujkalalt |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalaltneʒe | əneʒ ʃujkalalt |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltnena | ənena ʃujkalalt |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltneda | əneda ʃujkalalt |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltneʃt | əneʃt ʃujkalalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃujkalaltnem əʎe | ənem ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltnena əʎe | ənet ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalaltneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃujkalaltnena əʎe | ənena ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltneda əʎe | əneda ʃujkalalt əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃujkalalt əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃujkalaltnet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃujkalaltneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃujkalaltneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃujkalaltneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃujkalalt ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃujkalaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃujkalaltman |
| Active participle: | ʃujkalaltʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃujkalaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃujkalaltʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃujkalaltdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃujkalaltən |
| Negative gerund: | ʃujkalaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃujkalaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃujkalaltmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃujkalaltʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃujkalaltmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃujkalaltdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||